diff --git a/math/number_theory/notes.page b/math/number_theory/notes.page index 8aa9228..c98857c 100644 --- a/math/number_theory/notes.page +++ b/math/number_theory/notes.page @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ title: Number Theory Study Notes ### Notation -$\rightarrow$ +$\to$ : implies $\equiv$ @@ -26,4 +26,38 @@ $\exists$ $\in$ : relation of a member of a class to a class -A * affixed to a theorem number means the proof was too difficult to include in the book. \ No newline at end of file +A * affixed to a theorem number means the proof was too difficult to include in the book. + +### The Series of Primes + +$..., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, ...$ +: The *rational integers* or just *integers* + +$0, 1, 2, 3, ...$ +: The *non-negative integers* + +$1,2,3,...$ +: The *positive integers* -- these are the primary subject of number theory (a.k.a "arithmetic") + +An integer $a$ is *divisible* by a non-zero integer $b$ if there is a $c$ such that + +$$a = bc$$ + +If $a$ and $b$ are positive, so is $c$ + +$b\mid a$ +: $b$ is a *divisor* of $a$ ($a$ is divisible by $b$) + +$b\nmid a$ +: $b$ is not a divisor of $a$ + +For all $a$, $1\mid a$ and $a\mid a$; For non-zero $b$, $b\mid 0$. + +When $c\neq0$: +$$\begin{align} +b\mid a . c\mid b &\to c\mid a\\ +b\mid a &\to bc\mid ac\\ +\end{align}$$ +and +$$c\mid a . c\mid b \to c\mid ma + nb$$ +for all integers $m$ and $n$